Ese ibikoresho bitandukanye bishobora kongera igihe cyo gukora ibikoresho byo mu mutwe?

Yego, ibikoresho bitandukanye biratera imbere cyaneIbikoresho byo Gutunganya Amano ku Menyokuramba. Bitanga imbaraga zitandukanye, kurwanya ingese, no kumara igihe kirekire unaniwe. Guhitamoicyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa "stainless steel" gikoreshwa mu gucuranga intokiUrugero, bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku buzima bwabo.Ibikoresho byo kubaga by'icyuma kitagira umwandagutanga ibanze, ariko ibikoresho byihariye byongera imikorere.Ibikoresho bya Tungsten Carbide Orthodonticbitanga ubukana buhebuje mu gukata imirimo. Gusobanukirwa iri tandukaniro ry'ibikoresho bifasha ababikora kwiganigute wahitamo imashini zo mu bwoko bwa pliers z'amenyo nziza?n'ibindi bikoresho by'ingenzi. Iyi nyandiko irasuzuma uburyo guhitamo ibikoresho bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku kuramba kw'ibi bikoresho by'ingenzi no ku mikorere yabyo.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Ibikoresho bitandukanye bituma ibikoresho byo kuvura amenyo biramba. Ibikoresho bikomeye birwanya kwangirika bitewe no kubikoresha no kubisukura.
• Ibyuma bitangiza ibyuma ni ibisanzwe, ariko kongeramo karubide ya tungsten bituma ibikoresho bikomera cyane. Ibi bibafasha gukata neza no kuguma neza.
• Titanium ni nziza cyane ku bikoresho bigomba koroha kandi birwanya ingese. Ni nziza kandi ku bantu bafite allergie.
• Uburyo ibikoresho bikorwa bigira ingaruka ku gihe bimara. Ibikorwa nko gucura no gutunganya ubushyuhe bituma ibikoresho bikomera.
• Ibikoresho birwanya ingese no gusaza bimara igihe kirekire. Uburyo bwiza bwo kubikora ku buso bufasha kubirinda kwangirika.

Gusobanukirwa uburyo ibikoresho byo gushushanya amenyo biramba

Kugena uburyo igikoresho kiramba

Kuramba kw'igikoresho bisobanura ubushobozi bw'igikoresho bwo kwihanganira ikoreshwa risubirwamo, imikorere yacyo yo gutoteza indwara, ndetse n'ibibazo by'ibidukikije bitabangamiye ibidukikije. Bivuze ko igikoresho gikomeza kuba cyiza, imikorere yacyo, n'ubukana bwacyo igihe kirekire. Igikoresho kiramba kirwanya kwangirika, ingese, n'umunaniro. Gikora neza mu gihe cyose giteganijwe gukoreshwa. Ubu bwiza butuma igikoresho gikomeza gukora neza mu buvuzi.

Ibintu Bigira Ingaruka ku Bugingo bw'Ibikorwa by'Igikoresho

Hari ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka ku gihe igikoresho cy’amagufwa kiguma gikora.imiterere y'ibikoreshoni ikintu cy'ingenzi. Aloyi nziza zitanga ubushobozi bwo kurwanya imihangayiko no kwangirika. Uburyo bwo gukora nabwo bugira uruhare runini. Gutunganya neza no gutunganya neza ubushyuhe byongera imbaraga z'ibikoresho. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwiza bwo kubikoresha no kubibungabunga byongera cyane igihe cyo kubaho k'igikoresho. Gusukura nabi, kubisukura nabi, cyangwa kubibika bishobora kwihutisha kwangirika no kwangirika. Inshuro zikoreshwa na zo zigira ingaruka ku buzima; ibikoresho bikoreshwa akenshi birushaho kwangirika cyane.

Impamvu Kuramba ari ingenzi kugira ngo ubuvuzi bukore neza

Kuramba ni ingenzi kugira ngo ubuvuzi burusheho gukora neza mu bijyanye n'ubuvuzi bw'amenyo. Ibikoresho biramba bigabanya gukenera gusimburwa kenshi, ibyo bigatuma ikiguzi cyo gukora ubuvuzi kigabanuka. Bituma habaho imikorere ihamye kandi ihamye mu gihe cyo kuvurwa, bigira ingaruka ku musaruro w'ubuvuzi. Iyo ibikoresho bikomeje kuba byiza, abaganga bashobora kwizera ibikoresho byabo. Ibi bituma imikorere igenda neza kandi igihe cyo kwicara kigabanuka. Byongeye kandi, birakomeye.Ibikoresho byo Gutunganya Amano ku Menyobigira uruhare mu mutekano w'umurwayi mu kugabanya ibyago byo kuvunika cyangwa gukora nabi mu gihe cyo kuvurwa. Gushora imari mu bikoresho biramba amaherezo bishyigikira ibidukikije byiza kandi byizewe by'ubuvuzi.

Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gukoresha mu gushushanya amenyo n'uburyo biramba

Imiterere y'icyuma kidashonga n'ingufu zirambye

Ibyuma bitanduye biracyari ibikoresho by'ibanze ku bikoresho byinshi byo gushushanya amenyo. Ikoreshwa ryabyo rikwirakwira bitewe n'ubunini bw'imbaraga, igiciro gito, no kudahura n'ingufu. Abakora ibyuma akenshi bakoresha ubwoko bwihariye bw'ibyuma bitanduye, cyane cyaneUrukurikirane rwa 300, ku bice bitandukanye by'imikorere y'amenyo. Urugero, amasosiyete nka G & H Wire Company akoresha insinga za AJ Wilcock Australian (AJW) zikozwe mu byuma 300 bita stainless steel. Insinga za Ortho Technology TruForce SS (TRF) na Penta-One (POW) za Masel Ortho Organizers Inc. zombi zikoresha insinga za AISI 304 zita stainless steel. Highland Metals Inc. inakora insinga za SS arch (SAW) zikomoka kuri AISI 304, kimwe na Dentaurum hamwe na Remanium yayo (REM).

Ibyuma bitagira umushongi bifite igipimo cya Poisson cya 0.29, igipimo cy'uburyo ibikoresho byaguka bikurikije icyerekezo cyo gukanda. Izi nsinga kandi zigaragaza ubukana bwinshi ugereranije n'ibindi bikoresho nka titanium molybdenum alloys (TMA) na nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti). Ubu bukana butuma biramba kandi bikanabasha kwihanganira imbaraga za mekanike.

Ibyuma bita fluffy byo mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi byakozwe mu buryo bwihariyeku bikoresho by'ubuvuzi. Yujuje ibisabwa bikomeye kugira ngo idahura n'ingufu. Uku kudahura n'ingufu ni ingenzi kuko ibikoresho bikora imiti itandukanye n'imiti yica udukoko. Ku byerekeye amenyo, icyuma kidashonga kigomba kugaragaza ko kidapfa kwangirika, ko kidahura n'ibindi bintu, kandi gifite imbaraga nyinshi. Kigomba kandi kugumana isura yacyo nyuma yo gukoreshwa igihe kirekire mu kanwa. Amanota nka 304 na 304L atanga ubushobozi bwo kudahura n'ingufu kandi afite imiterere myiza. Amanota ya 304L afite carbon nke, ibi bigabanya imvura ya karuboni mu gihe cyo gusudira.

Ariko, ibidukikije byo mu kanwa bitanga imbogamizi zidasanzwe.Udukoko duto two mu kanwa dushobora kwihutisha cyane kwangirikaUrugero, icyuma cya 316L kitarangirika. Microbiota yo munsi y’ubugingi ikora biofilms nyinshi ku buso bw’icyuma kitarangirika. Izi biofilms zituma habaho kwangirika kwihuta binyuze muri metabolites zikomoka kuri aside ndetse no kohereza electron hanze y’umubiri. Iyi kwangirika kw’ibintu bikomoka kuri mikorobe (MIC) isohora iyoni z’icyuma nka chromium na nikeli. Uko kurekura bishobora guteza ingaruka ku buzima kandi bigira ingaruka ku buzima bw’aho hantu no ku buzima bw’umubiri. Kubwibyo, nubwo ifite ubushobozi bwo kudakora neza, imikorere y’uturemangingo tw’akanwa ibangamira imikorere y’icyuma kitarangirika cyo mu rwego rw’ubuvuzi mu gihe kirekire.

Udukoresho twa Tungsten Carbide twongera imbaraga zo gukomeza

Abakora ibikoresho by'icyuma kidapfa gushonga bakunze kongera imbaraga mu kubikora bakoresheje uburyo bwa tungsten carbide. Tungsten carbide ni ibikoresho bikomeye cyane. Bituma ibintu bifatwa neza kandi bigafatwa neza ku nsinga.gushyiramo utubuto twa tungsten carbide mu byuma bicukura insingaBinongera uburambe bwabyo no gukata neza. Ibi bikoresho byongera ubukana no kudasaza. Byongera cyane igihe cyo gukora cy'igikoresho. Binakomeza ubuziranenge bw'inyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Udupira twa tungsten carbide ku nkengero z'inkengeroImashini zikoresha amenyo zituma ziramba cyane. Zinoza ubushobozi bwazo bwo guca insinga zoroshye n'izikomeye ku buryo bworoshye. Iyi mashini irakomera cyane kwangirika. Ihangana n'imihangayiko yo guca ibikoresho bikomeye. Ibi bigira uruhare mu kunoza uburyo bwo kubika neza insinga.

Aloyi za Titanium na Titanium kugira ngo zirambe igihe kirekire

Titanium n'inyongera zayo bitanga imiterere myiza ku bikoresho byihariye byo kuvura amenyo, cyane cyane aho ubushobozi bwo koroha, guhuza imiterere y'umubiri, no kurwanya ingese cyane ari byo by'ingenzi.

• Modulus yo hasi yo guhagarara: Uburyo Titanium ikoresha mu gukurura irahuze n'ubwo amagufwa akoresha. Ibi bifasha mu gukwirakwiza neza imbaraga za mekanike. Nubwo muri rusange titanium ifite uburyo bwinshi kurusha titanium yonyine, ubwoko bwihariye bwa beta bukoreshwa mu gukurura irahuze. Ibi bituma ikoreshwa mu gukurura irahuze bisaba koroherwa no gukomeza imbaraga.
• Ubudahangarwa bw'ingese mu mwobo wo mu kanwa: Titanium n'ibirungo byayo bigaragaza ko birwanya ingese cyane mu bisubizo by'umubiri. Ibi ni ukuri nubwo haba hari ihinduka rikomeye rya pH n'ubushyuhe, ndetse no guhura n'ibintu bitandukanye bya shimi mu kanwa. Agace ka titanium oxide (TiO₂) gakora vuba ku buso bw'icyuma. Iyi firime ihita yongera guhagarara iyo ihungabanyijwe.

Dore igereranya ry'ibyuma bya titaniyumu n'ibyuma bitagira umugese:

Aloyi za titanium zikoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye bwo kuvura indwara z'amenyo:

• Insinga z'amagufwa: Aloyi za Beta titanium (urugero, TMA) ni zo zikundwa cyane. Zitanga modulus yoroshye kandi ihoraho, zitanga imbaraga zoroshye kandi zihoraho. Zifite kandi umupaka wo hejuru woroshye, bigatuma habaho imiterere myinshi. Imiterere yazo myiza no guhuza neza n'imiterere yazo bituma ziba nziza. Abaganga bakunze kuzikoresha mu gutunganya neza mu byiciro bya nyuma by'ubuvuzi bw'amenyo.
• Udukingirizo tw'amagufwa: Udupfunyika twa titanium metal dukoreshwa cyane cyane ku barwayi bafite allergie ya nickel. Dutanga ubushobozi bwo guhuza neza umubiri n'imbaraga zihagije.

Ibikoresho bya Ceramic mu bikoresho byihariye byo gushushanya amenyo

Ibikoresho bya serime bitanga inyungu zidasanzwe ku bikoresho bimwe na bimwe byo gushushanya amenyo, cyane cyane iyo ubwiza n'imiterere yihariye ya mekanike ari ingenzi. Abakora bakoreshaibikoresho byo gushushanya uduce duton'ibikubiye mu buvuzi bw'amenyo.Alumina na zirconia ni amahitamo asanzwe ya ceramicBitanga amahitamo arambye kandi ashimishije ugereranije n'udupfunyika tw'icyuma. Ibi bikoresho bivanga neza n'ibara ry'amenyo karemano, bigatuma bikundwa n'abarwayi bakunda ibikoresho bitagaragara cyane.

Ariko, gukomera kw'udukingirizo twa keramike ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwitaho. Gukomera kw'udukingirizo bisobanura ubushobozi bw'ikintu mu guhangana no gucika. Udukingirizo twa monocrystalline, nka Inspire ICE™, tugaragaza ubushobozi bwo guhangana no gucika kw'ibaba ry'umugozi. Ibi bituma imbaraga zikoreshwa cyane nta gutsindwa. Mu buryo bunyuranye, udukingirizo twa keramike twa keramike twa hybrid, nka DISCREET™, tugaragaza ubushobozi bwo guhangana no gucika kw'ibaba ry'umugozi. Itandukaniro rikomeye mu mibare mu mbaraga z'udukingirizo ririho mu matsinda atandukanye y'udukingirizo. Ibi bigaragaza ko ikirango n'imiterere y'udukingirizo bigira ingaruka ku mbaraga z'udukingirizo.

Imiterere y'ubuso n'ubugari bw'ibikoresho nabyo ni ibintu by'ingenzi. Bigira ingaruka ku mbaraga zo gukurura za ceramic. Kwangirika kw'ubuso, nko gushwanyagurika, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku dupfunyika tw'ikirahure kimwe. Udupfunyika tw'ikirahure cya polycrystalline ntitwibasirwa cyane n'ibyo byangiritse. Scott GE, Jr. yavuze mu buryo butaziguye ku gitekerezo cyo gukomera kw'udupfunyika tw'ikirahure mu dupfunyika tw'ikirahure mu nkuru y'ingenzi yitwa'Ubukomere bw'ivunika n'imyanya yo hejuru - urufunguzo rwo gusobanukirwa uduce duto tw'ibumba'(1988). Ubu bushakashatsi bugaragaza akamaro ka siyansi y'ibikoresho mu gushushanya ibice byizewe bya ceramic orthodontics.

Alloys zidasanzwe zo kuramba neza

Ibyuma byihariye bitanga ubushobozi bwo kuramba bujyanye n'ibikenewe mu bijyanye n'imitsi. Ibi bikoresho bigezweho bitanga imiterere myiza kurusha icyuma gisanzwe kidashonga.

• Icyuma kitagira umwanda gifite 17-7 PHifite ubushobozi bwo gukomera mu gihe cy'imvura. Ifite imbaraga zo gukurura500–1000 MPa hamwe na modulus ya elastic ya 190–210 GPaUbukomere bwayo buri hagati ya 150–250 HV, hamwe n'uburebure bwa 10–20%. Iyi alloy irahendutse kandi iraboneka cyane. Itanga imbaraga n'ubukomere buhagije ku baganga b'amenyo. Yoroshye kandi kuyikora, ikaba ishobora gusudira no gukorwa.
• Insinga z'icyuma kitagira umwandaMuri rusange zifite imbaraga zo gukurura za 1000–1800 MPa na modulus yoroshye ya 180–200 GPa. Zirakomeye, zihendutse, kandi zoroshye kuzigonda. Zitanga imbaraga nyinshi zo gufunga umwanya.
• Insinga za Nickel-Titanium (NiTi)Ifite imbaraga zo gukurura za 900–1200 MPa na modulus yoroshye ya 30–70 GPa. Ibyiza byazo by'ingenzi birimo superelasticity, bigatuma zishobora kugarurwa kugeza kuri 8%. Zitanga kandi imbaraga z'urumuri zihoraho, bigatuma ziba nziza cyane mu gihe cyo kuboneza imiterere y'umubiri no kuruhuka kw'umurwayi.
• Beta-Titanium (Ti-Mo, TMA)Ifite imbaraga zo gukurura za MPa 800–1000 na modulus yoroshye ya GPa 70–100. Nta nikeli ifite, bituma ikwiriye abarwayi bafite ubwivumbure. Irakenewe kandi ni nziza mu kurangiza ibyiciro byo kuvurwa.
• Insinga za Cobalt-Chromium OrthodonticZirashobora kuvurwa n'ubushyuhe kugira ngo zihindurwe imbaraga. Zifite imbaraga zo gukurura 800–1400 MPa.

Uretse ibi, izindi ibyuma bitagira umugese bigezweho bitanga umusaruro mwiza cyane:

• 455® yihariye yo gukoresha ifu itajegajegani aloyi ya martensitic, ikomeza gukomera. Itangaimbaraga nyinshi (kugeza kuri HRC 50), ubushobozi bworoshye bwo gukora, no gukomera. Abakora bayiha agaciro kubera ibikoresho bito kandi bigoye byo mu menyo. Ibi biterwa n'uko ihinduka buke mu gihe cyo kuyikomera, bigatuma ikomeza kwihanganira ibintu byinshi.
• 465® yihariye yo gukoresha ifu itajegajegani aloyi nziza cyane ya martensitic, ishobora gukomera igihe kirekire. Abahanga bayikoze ku buryo ikomeye cyane kandi ikomeye, ifite imbaraga zo gukurura zirenga 250 ksi. Ni nziza cyane ku bice by'inyuma by'inyuma bihura n'umuvuduko mwinshi. Itanga icyizere ntagereranywa, gukomera cyane kw'ivunika, no kudacikamo uduce duto cyane.

Ibyuma bita "stainless steel" byo mu rwego rwo kubaga ni byo bigize urufatiro rw'ibikoresho byinshi biramba byo gushushanya. Bitanga imbaraga n'ubukana bwiza cyane. Ubwoko bwihariye burimo:

• Ibyuma bitagira umugese bya AusteniticIbi ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi bikoreshwa mu bice byinshi by'imitsi. Ingero zirimo:AISI 302, AISI 304, AISI 316, AISI 316L, na AISI 304LIzi nganda zituma zikora neza binyuze mu kuzikoresha kenshi no kuzisukura burundu.
• Ibyuma bitagira umugese bya Martensitic: Zitanga imbaraga nyinshi n'ubukana. Zikwiriye ibikoresho bisaba impande zisongoye kandi zikozwe neza.
• Ibyuma bitagira umuvuduko bikomeza imvura (urugero, 17-4 PH): Izi zifite imiterere myiza cyane ya mekanike. Akenshi zikundwa cyane mu gushyiramo uduce duto two gupfuka amenyo.

Titanium n'ibyuma bigezweho bitanga imikorere myiza:

• Aloyi za NiTi (Nikeli-Titanium): Ikoreshwa mu nsinga zo mu bwoko bwa orthodontic bitewe n'ubukonje bukabije n'ubwibukire bw'imiterere. Isubira ku ishusho yayo ya mbere kandi igakoresha imbaraga zihoraho.
• Aloyi ya Titanium Molybdenum (TMA): Bitanga uburinganire mu bworoherane n'imbaraga.
• Aloyi za titanium: Bitanga ubushobozi bwo guhuza neza ibintu no kurwanya ingese. Ibi biterwa na firime idahindagurika ya titanium dioxide (TiO₂). Iyi firime igabanya ubushyuhe no kurekura iyoni y'icyuma. Ifite igipimo cyo hejuru cy'imbaraga hagati y'icyuma na firime. Yoroshye kurusha icyuma kidashonga ariko itanga imbaraga zingana cyangwa zikomeye. Beta titanium alloys iri mu nsinga za archwires itanga modulus ntoya yoroshye, umupaka wo hejuru woroshye, kandi ikora neza ku mbaraga zihoraho. Uduce twa titanium turakwiriye abarwayi bafite allergie ya nickel. Titanium nayo ntabwo ikoresha ingufu za magnetic, ikaba ari ingirakamaro mu guhuza MRI.

Uburyo Imiterere y'Ibikoresho Igira Ingaruka ku Kuramba kw'Ibikoresho by'Amano

Imiterere y'ibikoresho ni yo igena mu buryo butaziguye igiheIbikoresho byo gushushanya amenyo biracyakora nezaIyi miterere igena ubushobozi bw'igikoresho mu kwihanganira ikoreshwa rya buri munsi, gucibwa burundu, no kwangirika mu kanwa. Gusobanukirwa iyi miterere bifasha ababikora guhitamo ibikoresho bitanga imikorere yizewe kandi biramba.

Ubudahangarwa bw'Ingese n'Ubuzima bw'Ibikoresho

Ubudahangarwa bw'inkongi ni ingenzi cyaneImiterere y'ibikoresho byo gupima amenyo. Isobanura ubushobozi bw'ibikoresho bwo kurwanya kwangirika bitewe n'ingaruka z'imiti ku bidukikije. Ibikoresho bihora bihura n'amacandwe, amaraso, imiti yica udukoko, n'ibintu bigabanya ubukana. Ibi bintu bishobora gutera ingese, bigatuma igikoresho gicika intege kandi kikabangamira imikorere yacyo.

Passivation yongera cyane ubudahangarwa bw'ingufuby'ibikoresho by'icyuma kitagira umugese. Ubu buryo bwo gutunganya ibinyabutabire bukuraho uduce tw'icyuma ku buso. Bukora agace gato kandi gakingira okiside. Kwinjizwa mu bisubizo bya aside nke, nka aside citric cyangwa nitrique, bikora ubu buryo. Gusukura ni uburyo bwo gusukura, ntabwo ari ugusiga. Nyuma yo gusukura, kwinjizwa mu kirere birema urwego rw'umwimerere rwa okiside. Uru rwego rutanga ingese ikomeye n'ubushobozi bwo kudashira. Bituma ibikoresho byo kwa muganga, harimo n'ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa orthodontic, birushaho kurwanya ingese. Ibi byongera igihe cyo kubaho kwabyo kandi bigakomeza kugaragara neza. Gusukura bikuraho imyanda kandi bigashyiraho urwego rw'isuku ruhamye. Binoza imikorere y'ibikoresho, bigabanya kwangirika, kandi bigagabanya gukenera gusimburwa. Ubu buryo butuma ibikoresho bikomeza gukurwaho icyuma no gukoreshwa buri gihe nta kwangirika.

Gutunganya amashanyarazi binatuma habaho ubudahangarwa bw'ingufuby'ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa orthodontic. Ubu buryo butunganya ubuso nta bikoresho bya mekanike. Burinda urwego rw'ubuso impinduka mu miterere. Ibi bituma habaho guhindagurika kw'imiterere. Guhindagurika kw'ubuso bumwe birinda ibintu kwangirika. Byongera ubushobozi bwo guhuza ibintu kandi bigabanya ubusumbane bw'ubuso. Uku kutumvikana gushobora gutera stress no gutera imivurungano. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko electropolishing yongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya kwangirika. Ubuso burushaho kurwanya kwangirika ugereranije n'ubuso bukozwe mu buryo bwa mekanike. Kuri archwires za NiTi, electropolishing igabanya ingano ya nikeli mu gihe yongera titaniyumu. Ibi bigabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kwa nikeli. Binongera kandi ubushobozi bwo kurwanya kwangirika kandi byoroshya gusukurwa. Bikuraho ahantu bagiteri zishobora kwirundanya. Electropolishing igabanya ijanisha ry'icyuma kandi yongera chromium ku buso. Ibi bigira uruhare mu gukora urwego rudakora rufite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya kwangirika kwinshi.

Nubwo hari ubwo buryo bwo kuvura, ingese iracyashobora kubaho. Ingese yo gushonga yagaragaye ku matsinda ya SS afite imiterere itatu, SS ifite imiterere itandatu, na Dead Soft retainer mu buryo bwo gusuzuma. Ku rundi ruhande, amatsinda ya Titanium yo mu cyiciro cya 1, Titanium yo mu cyiciro cya 5, na Gold retainer nta ngeso yangiritse ku mubiri yagaragaje. Ingese zitandukanye, harimo n’ingese yo mu gace runaka, zagaragaye ku byuma bigabanya imitsi. Ibi byabaye cyane cyane ku kimenyetso cya ETM nyuma yo gusukura autoclave no kuyica udukoko. Icyakora, ibyuma bigabanya imitsi bya Hu-Friedy byagaragaje ko birwanya ingese cyane.

Ubukomere n'Ubudahangarwa bw'Ingufu ku Mikorere

Ubukomere n'ubudahangarwa bw'ibikoresho ni ingenzi kugira ngo igikoresho gikomeze gukora neza, cyane cyane ku bikoresho byo gukata no gufata. Ubukomere bupima ubudahangarwa bw'ibikoresho mu gupfuka cyangwa gushwanyagurika. Ubudahangarwa bw'ibikoresho busobanura ubushobozi bwabyo bwo kwihanganira kwangirika kw'ubuso bitewe no gushwanyagurika cyangwa gushwanyagurika.

Ubukana bwinshi akenshi buterwa no kudashira neza. Ibi ni ingenzi ku bikoresho bihora bihura n'ubukana n'igitutu.Urugero, karubide ya Tungsten ifite ubukana bwinshi kandi idasaza nezaIbi bigira uruhare runini mu kuramba kw'ibikoresho. Diyama ya polycrystalline (PCD) itanga ubushobozi bwo kugumana neza impande. Ikata neza ibikoresho bikomeye nka ceramic na zirconia.

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko diyama burs zikora neza cyane mu gukata amakamba ya lithium disilicate ugereranije n'amakamba ya zirconia. Ibi biterwa n'ubukana bw'ibikoresho. Ibikoresho bikomeye nka zirconia byongera ubukana. Ibi byihutisha kwangirika kw'ibinyampeke bya diyama kandi bigabanya igihe cyo gukoresha ibikoresho. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko gukoresha zirconia ya 5YSZ, ifite ubukana buke ugereranyije na 3Y-TZP, byateje itandukaniro rito mu buziranenge n'ubwangirike bw'amakamba.

Ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho bya polymeric byakoreshejwe mu bikoresho bya orthodontic bwakozwe ku isuzuma ry’imitsi hakoreshejwe Rockwell indenter. Ibi bipimo by’ubukana bw’imitsi, byabonetse hakoreshejwe icyuma gipima imitsi, byagaragaje isano iri hagati y’ubukana bw’imitsi ya Shore. Ariko, ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko urutonde rw’ubukana bw’imitsi ya Rockwell rugomba gusuzumwa mu buryo bwigenga. Ibi bigaragaza ko nubwo Rockwell indenters zikoreshwa mu gupima ubukana bw’imitsi ya Rockwell, isano iri hagati y’ubukana bw’imitsi ya Rockwell n’ubukana bw’imitsi ya Rockwell ntabwo igaragazwa neza nk’isano iri hagati y’ibi byavumbuwe. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima ubukana, nko gukomera kw’imitsi ya Rockwell (nka Shore) n’ubukana bw’imitsi ya Rockwell, bushobora gutanga umusaruro utagereranywa bitewe n’amahame yabwo atandukanye yo gupima.

Imbaraga zo Gukomera no Kurwanya Umunaniro

Imbaraga zo gukomera no kudacika intege ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo igikoresho gikomeze kuba cyiza kandi kirambe. Imbaraga zo gukomera zipima umuvuduko ntarengwa w’ikintu gishobora kwihanganira mbere yo kuvunika iyo cyarambuwe cyangwa gikuruwe. Ubuhanga bwo guhangana n’umunaniro busobanura ubushobozi bw’ikintu bwo kwihanganira imivuduko myinshi idacitse. Ibikoresho bihora bihinduka imbaraga zo gupfunyika, kuzunguruka no gukata mu gihe gikoreshwa.

Gushyira imizigo mu buryo buzenguruka bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku kudacika intege kw'ibikoresho. Ibi ni ukuri cyane cyane ku bikoresho nk'amadosiye ya endodontique. Imiterere y'imiyoboro y'amazi igira uruhare. Inguni nyinshi n'umurambararo wo kugabanuka bigabanya cyane kudacika intege kw'imiyoboro y'amazi. Amadosiye agaragaza kudacika intege mu miyoboro y'amazi ifite inguni zikomeye n'umurambararo muto wo kugabanuka. Ibi bituma habaho imbaraga nyinshi zo gukanda no gukurura. Ibintu bishushanya igikoresho, umurambararo, kugabanuka, umuvuduko w'imikorere, na torque byose bishobora kugira uruhare mu kunanirwa gucika intege.

Uburyo bwo gukora ibintu nabwo bugira ingaruka ku buzima bw'umunaniro. Gukomera mu kazi mu gihe cy'inganda bishobora gutera ububobere. Ibi bigabanya ubuzima bw'umunaniro. Ku rundi ruhande, gukoresha amashanyarazi bishobora kongera ubudahangarwa bw'umunaniro. Bikuraho ubusumbane bw'ubuso n'imihangayiko isigaye. Gushyira ibintu mu buryo bw'ikirere bituma habaho gutangira kwangirika no gukura kw'udusimba duto dukoresheje imigozi inyerera. Gusobanukirwa ibi bintu bifasha injeniyeri gushushanya ibikoresho birwanya umunaniro kandi bikamara igihe kirekire.

Kuba Biocompatibility n'ingaruka zo kurangiza ubuso

Kuba umubiri uhuza n’amenyo n’imiterere yayo bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku gihe ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa Meno bimara bidafite ingaruka mbi ku mubiri. Kuba umubiri uhuza n’amenyo bivuga ubushobozi bw’ibikoresho byo gukora akazi kabyo bitagize ingaruka mbi ku mubiri. Ibi ni ingenzi kuko ibikoresho bikora ku ngingo zo mu kanwa no mu macandwe. ANSI/ADA Standard No. 41, ifite umutwe ugira uti “Isuzuma ry’uko ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa Meno bikoreshwa mu buvuzi bw’amenyo bikoreshwa mu buvuzi bw’amenyo,” itanga uburyo bw’ingenzi bwo gusuzuma ibyo bikoresho. FDA itegeka ko ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa Meno bihuza n’amenyo bikoreshwa mu buvuzi bw’amenyo cyangwa mu kanwa. Ibi birimo ibintu nk’udupira two mu bwoko bwa “direct printed indirect bonding trays” n’ishingiro ry’amenyo akoreshwa mu buvuzi bw’amenyo.

Kugira ngo ibikoresho bigerweho mu byiciro bihuye n’ibinyabuzima, bipimwa neza hashingiwe kuri ISO 10993-1:2009. Ibi bizamini bipima uburozi bwa cytotoxicity, uburozi bwa genotoxicity, n’ubwivumbure butinze. Ibi bikoresho kandi bipimwa na USP plastic class VI kugira ngo harebwe ubushyuhe, uburozi bukabije bw’umubiri, no gushyirwa mu mubiri. Hari igihe, hakenerwa ibizamini by’inyongera bya ISO, nka ISO 20795-1:2013 kuri polymeri z’inyongera z’amenyo,. Ibi bizamini byemeza ko ibikoresho bitangiza abarwayi cyangwa ngo bitere ubwivumbure.

Ishusho y'icyuma ifite uruhare runini mu kuramba kwacyo no mu mutekano w'umurwayi.Ubuso bugoye bwongera ubushobozi bwa bagiteri bwo gufatana. Yongera ingufu zitagira ubuso kandi igatanga ahantu henshi bagiteri zishobora kwifataho. Ibi birinda kororoka kwa bagiteri mu buryo bworoshye. Ubuso budahuje ku bikoresho bya orthodontic butuma habaho ahantu hanini bagiteri zishobora kwihisha. Ibi bishobora kongera uburemere bwa bagiteri no gukunda ubwoko bwangiza nkaS. mutansUbushobozi bwo gushyiramo ibice by'icyuma gifata amabara butanga ahantu heza ho gufata no gukora biofilms.

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana koImbaraga zo gufatana kwa streptococcal kuri resins za orthodontic composite ziriyongereyeuko ubuso buvanze bugenda burushaho gukomera. Iyi ngaruka y'ubukana bw'ubuso ku mbaraga zo gufatana irushaho gukomera uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ubukana bw'ubuso buvanze bugira ingaruka ku mbaraga zo gufatana hamweS. sanguiniskurusha uko bimeze kuriS. mutans. Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwemeza isano iri hagati yo gufatana kwa bagiteri n'ubukana bwa submicron cyangwa micron. Imbaraga zo gufatana hagati ya bagiteri n'ubukana bwa submicron ziyongera uko ubukana bugenda bwiyongera, kugeza ku rugero runaka. Bagiteri ndetse zigaragaza ubukana bugaragara cyane iyo zifatanye n'ubukana bukabije. Ubuso bworoshye kandi busesuye ku bikoresho bifasha gukumira kwirema kwa bagiteri. Ibi bigabanya ibyago byo kwandura kandi bigatuma ibikoresho byoroha kubisukura no kubisukura, bigatuma bimara igihe kinini.

Uburyo bwo gukora n'uburyo ibikoresho byo gushushanya amenyo biramba

Ingamba zo gukorabigira ingaruka zikomeye ku kuramba kw'ibikoresho. Uburyo igikoresho gikozwemo n'uko gitunganywa bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku gukomera kwacyo no ku kuramba kwacyo. Ubuhanga butandukanye butanga inyungu zitandukanye mu gukora ibikoresho bikomeye kandi byizewe.

Ubuhanga bwo Gucura Ugereranije no Gutera Sitampu

Gutera no gusiga ikamba ni uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo gushushanya ibikoresho by'icyuma. Gutera no gusiga ikamba ni uburyo bwo kurema icyuma hakoreshejwe imbaraga zo gukanda ahantu runaka. Ubu buryo bunoza imiterere y'icyuma. Bikora igikoresho gikomeye kandi kiramba. Ibikoresho bikozwe mu buryo busanzwe bigaragaza ubudahangarwa bukomeye bwo guhangana n'umunaniro n'imbaraga z'ingaruka. Gutera ikamba, ku rundi ruhande, bikoresha ikamba kugira ngo bice kandi bikore impapuro z'icyuma. Ubu buryo muri rusange buhendutse mu gukora ibintu byinshi. Ariko, ibikoresho bikozwe mu buryo busanzwe bishobora kugira imiterere y'ingano idatunganyije neza. Ibi bishobora gutuma birushaho kuvunika cyangwa guhindagurika iyo bikoreshejwe cyane. Abakora ibikoresho akenshi bahitamo gushushanya ibikoresho bisaba imbaraga nyinshi n'ubuhanga.

Uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe kugira ngo habeho imiterere myiza y'ibikoresho

Gutunganya ubushyuhe ni intambwe y'ingenzi mu kongera imiterere y'ibikoresho. Bikubiyemo gushyushya no gukonjesha ibyuma mu gihe bigenzurwa. Iyi nzira ihindura imiterere y'ibikoresho. Ku nsinga za nickel-titanium (NiTi), abakora ibikoresho bakoresha uburyo bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe ku mpera za kure. Bagomba kwirinda gushyushya cyane.Ubushyuhe buri hafi 650 °Cbishobora gutuma imiterere y'ibikoresho itakaza agaciro kabyo.

Ku byuma bitangiza ibyuma, uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura ubushyuhe ni bwo busanzwe. Abakora bashobora gushyushya ibyuma bitangiza ibyumaIminota 20 kuri 500 °FIzindi nzira zirimo gushyushya iminota 10 kuri 750 °F na 820 °F. Igihe gito cyo gushyushya ku bushyuhe buke nacyo kigirira akamaro icyuma kitagira umugese. Gushyushya bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku bukomere. Ku byuma bito bya 316L bya stainless steel, gushyushya bitujuje ubukomere kuva kuri0.87 GPa kugeza 0.63 GPaIbi bigaragaza ko ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ihindagurika rya pulasitiki bugabanuka. Gukoresha ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 650°C ku byuma bitagira umugese bya 18-8 bishobora gutera ihinduka rya crystallization no kurema karubide ya chromium. Izi mpinduka zigabanya imiterere ya mekanike no kudahangana n’ingufu. Ibikorwa byo kugabanya umuvuduko mu bushyuhe buke,hagati ya 400°C na 500°Cmu masegonda 5 kugeza kuri 120, shyiraho uburyo ibintu bingana kandi ugabanye kwangirika.

Uburyo bwo gusiga hejuru n'uburyo bwo kuvura kugira ngo burusheho gukomera

Gusiga no gutunganya hejuru bitanga uburyo bwiza bwo kongera uburambe bw'ibikoresho. Ibi bikorwa binoza imiterere y'ibikoresho byinshi bitagize ingaruka ku miterere yabyo. Byongera ubudahangarwa ku ingese, kurekura iyoni, cyangwa kwangirika.

Gukuraho umwuka ushyushye (PVD) ni ikintu gisanzweinzira yo gushyiramo atomike. Ikoresha irangi rifite ubugari kuva kuri nanometero kugeza ku bihumbi bya nanometero. PVD irimo ibyiciro nko guhumeka, gushyira umwuka mu kirere, gushyiramo sputter, no gutera iyoni. Irangi rimeze nka diyama (DLC) ni ubundi buryo bwo guhindura ubuso. Itanga ubukana buke, gukomera cyane, kudashira cyane, no guhuza neza n'ibinyabuzima. Irangi rya PVD rikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho by'ubuvuzi. Irangi rya PVD ryemewe ku bikoresho by'ubuvuzi ririmoTiN, ZrN, CrN, TiAlN, AlTiN, Blackbond, na Tetrabond. Gusiga irangi rya zinc hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya PVDkunoza uburyo insinga zirwanya ingese zikoreshwa mu byuma bitagira umugese. Ibi bituma ubucucike bw'amashanyarazi bugabanuka kandi bigatuma amacandwe y'ubukorano adashobora kwangirika cyane.

Guhitamo ibikoresho byihariye byo gukoresha mu gupima amenyo

Guhitamo ibikoresho bya Pliers na Cutters

Pliers na cutters bisaba ibikoresho bihangana n'imbaraga nyinshi no gukoreshwa kenshi.Icyuma kitagira umwanda cyo mu rwego rwo hejuruni amahitamo asanzwe. Bituma habaho kurwanya ingese, kuramba, no kubahiriza amabwiriza yo gusukura. Iki gikoresho gitanga imbaraga n'ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibi bikoresho. Imashini zigezweho zikunze kuba zirimoibice bya tungsten cyangwa titaniyumuIzi nyongera zitanga imbaraga n'uburambe, cyane cyane ku mirimo yo kugabanya.Ibikoresho by'ubuziranengeni ingenzi kugira ngo birambe. Bituma ibi bikoresho bikomeza gukoreshwa kenshi bitangiritse.

Ibikoresho byo Gushyiramo Imigozi n'Ibikoresho byo Gushyiramo Ibice

Ibikoresho byo gushyiramo imigozi n'udupfunyika bisaba ubushishozi n'ubudahangarwa. Ibi bikoresho bigomba gufata no gushyira mu mwanya wabyo ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi. Abakora ibikoresho bakoresha icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwiza cyane. Iki gikoresho gitanga ubukana n'imbaraga bikenewe. Kirwanya ingese iterwa no gukaraba kenshi. Guhitamo ibikoresho bituma ibikoresho bigumana imiterere n'imikorere yabyo uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ibi bituma imigozi n'udupfunyika bishyirwa mu buryo bunoze kandi bunoze.

Ibikoresho byo Kwitaho mu Gusuzuma no Gufasha mu Bikoresho byo Gupima

Ibikoresho byo gusuzuma, nk'abashakashatsi, bisaba imiterere yihariye y'ibikoresho kugira ngo ipfundo rikomeze kuba ryiza.Icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gifunganye kandi cyoroshyeni cyo gikoresho cy'ingenzi ku bashakashatsi b'amenyo. Iki gikoresho gikora ku mutwe wacyo utyaye. Icyuma cy'igice kimwe gifasha cyane mu gutanga ibitekerezo bifatika. Gituma imitingito ikwirakwira neza kuva ku mpera y'akazi kugeza ku ntoki z'umuganga. Ibi bitandukanye n'ibikoresho bifite imitwe ishyirwamo.Gusana nezaNi ingenzi kugira ngo hamenyekane neza imiterere y'amabara. Abakora imyitozo ngororamubiri bagomba gusuzuma buri gihe amaguru y'amabara kugira ngo barebe niba agoramye cyangwa yangiritse. Bagomba kandi gupima ubukana bakoresheje inkoni yo gupima ya pulasitiki. Umushakashatsi udasobanutse azanyerera, mu gihe utyaye azafata. Gusimbuza abashakashatsi badasobanutse cyangwa bangiritse birinda amakuru atari yo mu gihe cyo gusuzuma ubuso bw'imizi. Ubushobozi bw'isonga, cyangwa 'gufatana,' bigaragaza ubukana no kubona neza amabara y'amabara nta ngufu zirenze urugero. Amasomo yoroshye ahuye n'isuzuma rya enamel y'umuvuduko w'urumuri kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika. Imiterere ikomeye ituma habaho gukubita gukomeye mu gihe cyo gupima imiterere y'amabara ...Icyuma cyoroshyeikoreshwa ku bashakashatsi bataziguye kugira ngo bongere uburyo bwo kumva ibintu uko biri. Igishushanyo mbonera cyoroshye cyorohereza abantu kugera aho biri no gukora neza mu buryo bwo kwirinda indwara. Ibi bigabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kw'imiterere y'ikintu ugereranije n'ibikoresho bifite imigozi ikomeye.

Imiterere y'ibikoresho bya Dental Orthodontic Instruments ahanini ni yo igena kuramba kwabyo. Gushyira mu bikorwa ibikoresho nka tungsten carbide, titanium, na alloys zidasanzwe byongera cyane igihe cyo kuramba no gukora neza kw'ibikoresho. Abakora mu buvuzi bafata amahitamo ashingiye ku bumenyi bw'ibanze basobanukiwe n'iri tandukaniro ry'ibikoresho. Ibi binoza igihe cyo kumara n'imikorere y'ibikoresho mu buvuzi.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni iki gituma igikoresho cyo gushushanya amenyo kiramba?

Igikoresho gikomeye cyo gushushanya kirwanya kwangirika, ingese, no kunanirwa. Gikomeza imiterere yacyo n'imikorere yacyo uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ibikoresho byiza, gukora neza, no kwitabwaho neza byose bigira uruhare mu gutuma kiramba.

Ni gute ibikoresho nka tungsten carbide byongera ubuzima bw'ibikoresho?

Karubine ya Tungsten irakomeye cyane. Abakora bayikoresha mu gukata no gufata ubuso. Iyi mashini yongera cyane ubudasaza kandi igakomeza impande zityaye. Ituma ibikoresho bihangana no gukoreshwa kenshi no gukata.

Kuki titaniyumu ari ibikoresho byiza ku bikoresho bimwe na bimwe byo gushushanya?

Titanium itanga ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese no guhuza neza n'ibinyabuzima. Ikora urwego rwo kurinda rurwanya amazi yo mu mubiri. Ifite ubushobozi bwo koroha no gupima uburemere bw'umubiri bituma iba nziza cyane kuriinsinga z'umurambararon'udukingirizo, cyane cyane ku barwayi bafite ubwivumbure.

Ni gute inzira zo gukora zigira ingaruka ku kuramba kw'ibikoresho?

Uburyo bwo gukora nko gucura no gutunganya ibikoresho bishyushye bikomeza ibikoresho. Gucura binoza imiterere y'icyuma, bigatuma kirushaho gukomera. Gutunganya ibikoresho bishyushye bihindura imiterere yabyo, bikongera ubukana bwabyo no guhangana n'imihangayiko.

Ni uruhe ruhare ubwirinzi bw'ingufu bugira mu kuramba kw'ibikoresho?

Ubudahangarwa bw'inkongi butuma ibikoresho bidahinduka bitewe n'imiti cyangwa ubushuhe. Uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi no gukoresha amashanyarazi butuma ibikoresho bikomeza gukoreshwa. Ibi bikoresho bifasha kwihanganira ubwicanyi n'ibidukikije byo mu kanwa, bigatuma bimara igihe kinini.