Uburyo udukingirizo twigenga tugabanya uburyaryate mu kuvura amagufwa

Intangiriro

Ihindagurika ry'amenyo rishingiye ku buryo insinga y'amenyo ishobora kunyura muri buri gipfunyika, kandi niho sisitemu zo kwihambira zihindura imikorere. Aho gukoresha imigozi ya elastic cyangwa icyuma, izi pfunyika zikoresha agace cyangwa urugi byubatswemo bigabanura imbaraga zo gufatanya hagati y'insinga n'aho zijya. Ingaruka ni ukugabanuka kw'ingufu, imbaraga zoroshye zitangwa, no guhuza neza mu byiciro by'ingenzi byo kuvura. Iyi nkuru isobanura uburyo iyo miterere ikora mu buryo bwa biomechanic, impamvu kugabanuka kw'ingufu bigira akamaro mu gukora neza no gusubiza neza ingingo, n'aho pfunyika zo kwihambira zishobora gutanga inyungu zifatika kuruta kuzihambira bisanzwe uko ubuvuzi bugenda butera imbere.

Impamvu udupfunyika twishyiramo ingenzi mu buvuzi bw'amenyo bugezweho

Impinduka kuva ku kwihuza kwa elastomeric bisanzwe kugera kuri sisitemu zo kwihuza zigaragaza impinduka ikomeye mu biyomekenikiubuganga bw'amenyo bugezweho. Mu gusimbuza imigozi yo hanze n'inzugi zifatanye, izi sisitemu zihindura cyane imikoranire iri hagati y'insinga y'umugozi n'umwanya wo gufunga. Akamaro k'ibanze k'ubu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga ni ukugabanuka gukomeye k'ubudahangarwa bwo gukururana mu gihe cy'ubukanishi bwo kunyerera, iki ni igice cy'ingenzi mu kuvura neza amenyo.

Gusobanukirwa imikorere y’iyi gahunda yo kugabanya ubwivumbure ni ingenzi ku baganga b’amenyo bagamije kunoza uburyo bwo kuvura. Kugabanya ubwivumbure bituma habaho imbaraga zoroheje kandi zihoraho, zijyanye neza n’uburyo bwiza bwo kwimenyereza amenyo. Ubu buryo bugabanya ibyago byo kuziba imitsi y’amaraso mu mitsi y’amenyo, bityo bikarinda hyalinization no guteza imbere uburyo bwo kuvugurura amagufwa neza.

Ingaruka ku mikorere myiza y'ubuvuzi

Ubushobozi bwo kuvura amenyo bushingiye cyane ku bushobozi bw'amenyo bwo kunyerera ku nsinga z'umugongo nta bushobozi buhagije bwo guhangana na zo. Mu buryo busanzwe, insinga za elastomeric cyangwa ibyuma zishyira insinga z'umugongo mu gice cyo hasi cy'insinga z'umugongo, bigatuma habaho uburyaryate bukomeye buhamye n'ubudahinduka. Insinga zigenga zigabanya ubu bushyuhe busanzwe. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe muri vitro bugaragaza buri gihe ko insinga zigenga zishobora kugabanya ubwihindurize ku kigero cya 40% kugeza kuri 50% ugereranije n'insinga zisanzwe zihuza, cyane cyane mu gihe cyo kugabanya no guhuza amenyo.

Uku kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe bivamo ubushobozi bwo gukora neza mu buvuzi. Hatabayeho imbaraga zo gufatanya kw'imigozi ya elastomeric, kuringaniza no guhuza bishobora kugerwaho hakoreshejwe insinga zoroheje zo mu ntangiriro mu gihe hagumana imbaraga zihoraho. Byongeye kandi, kuba nta kwangirika kwa elastomeric—kuko izi nganda zikunze gutakaza 50% by'ubushyuhe bwazo mu byumweru bine bya mbere mu kanwa—bituma imbaraga zikomeza gutangwa hagati y'igihe kirekire.

Agaciro k'ubuvuzi n'ubucuruzi k'ubushyuhe buke

Uretse ubushobozi bwa biomechanical, kugabanya uburyaryate bitanga inyungu zikomeye mu buvuzi no mu bucuruzi. Mu buvuzi, ubwitonzi buke busaba imbaraga nke zikoreshwa kugira ngo amenyo atangire kugenda. Ingufu zishobora kuguma munsi ya sentimetero 50 (cN), ibyo bikaba byiza cyane ku murwayi kandi bigabanya ibyago byo kuzura kw'imizi. Gutanga imbaraga zoroshye kandi byoroshya kwaguka no gukura kw'inkombe mu buryo butari bwo.

Mu bucuruzi, guhuzaUdukingirizo twishyira ku giti cyawemu myitozo bishobora gutuma igihe cyo kwicara gihita neza cyane. Gufungura no gufungaamashusho yashyizwe hamwe muri rusange yihuta kuva kuri 20% kugeza kuri 30%kuruta gushyira no gukuraho imigozi ya elastomeric ku giti cye. Mu gihe cy’amezi 24 y’ikizamini cyuzuye, ibi bishobora kuzigama iminota 45 y’igihe cyo kwicara ku murwayi, bigatuma abaganga benshi bongera umusaruro wabo wa buri munsi batiriwe bongera abakozi babo bo kwa muganga.

Uburyo udukingirizo twigenga tugabanya gukururana

Gucikagurika mu byuma byo kuvura indwara si imbaraga imwe ahubwo ni uruvange rw'imbaraga zo gucikagurika, gufatana no gucikagurika. Gucikagurika kwa kera bibaho iyo insinga ikoze ku mwanya w'ikirahure, mu gihe gufatana no gucikagurika bibaho iyo iryinyo rifashe ku mpande cyangwa rizunguruka, bigatuma insinga ifata impande z'ikirahure. Udukingirizo twigenga twakozwe by'umwihariko kugira ngo tugabanye gucikagurika kwa kera binyuze mu gukuraho imbaraga zikora z'ikirahure gakondo.

Urugero rwo kugabanuka kw'ubushyuhe ruterwa cyane n'ubushobozi bwihariye bw'ubuhanga bw'agakingirizo n'imiterere y'ibikoresho by'insinga. Mu gukora lumen ikomeye kandi ifunze, sisitemu zo kwihuza zemerera insinga kunyerera mu buryo bwigenga mu mwanya kugeza igihe inguni y'ingenzi yo gufatanya igeze.

Ibiranga imiterere bigira ingaruka ku mikoranire y'insinga n'amabracket

Imikoranire iri hagati y’agasanduku n’insinga igengwa n’ingano y’agasanduku, ubushobozi bwo gukora, n’irangira ry’ubuso. Sisitemu nyinshi zigenga zikoresha ingano isanzwe y’agasanduku ka santimetero 0.018 cyangwa santimetero 0.022, ariko uburebure bw’agasanduku n’igishushanyo cya kaseti bigira uruhare runini mu gucunga uburyaryate. Agasanduku k’uburebure bunini gatanga urumuri runini, bigatuma insinga z’ibanze zizengurutse zidakora ku gasanduku, bityo bigatuma ibidukikije bitagira ubwumvikane buhagije.

Ubushyuhe bw'ubuso ni ikindi kintu cy'ingenzi. Udupfunyika twiza cyane dukora hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusya bukoresha icyuma (MIM) cyangwa uburyo bwo gusya neza kugira ngo dugere ku gipimo kiri hagati ya 0.1 na 0.3 µm. Ahantu horoshye h'ubushyuhe n'inkombe z'ubushyuhe zizunguruka bigabanya cyane ingano y'ubushyuhe iyo umugozi w'insinga ukoze ku nkuta z'ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo gusimbuka.

Udukingirizo twigenga tudakora cyangwa tudafite imbaraga

Ubushobozi bwo kugabanya uburyaryate bw'udukingirizo twigenga bushingiye ahanini ku kuba sisitemu ikora neza cyangwa ikora neza. Udukingirizo tudakora neza dufite urugi rukomeye rukora umuyoboro uhoraho, rutuma insinga y'icyuma inyerera neza nta gitutu giturutse kuri kaseti. Udukingirizo tudakora neza, ku rundi ruhande, dufite agakingirizo gakomeye gafata mu mwanya kugira ngo gakandagire ku nsinga nini z'urukiramende, gatanga imyanya ikora neza kugira ngo torque irusheho kwiyongera.

Mu ntambwe za mbere zo kuvura hakoreshejwe insinga zoroheje zizengurutse (urugero, NiTi ya santimetero 0.014), sisitemu zombi zikora neza n’izikora neza zigaragaza ubukana buke. Ariko, uko kuvura bigenda birushaho kugera ku nsinga nini z’urukiramende (urugero, santimetero 0.019 x santimetero 0.025), uduce dukora neza twongera gushyiramo ubukana ku bushake kugira ngo insinga ifatanye neza n’aho iherereye, mu gihe uduce dukora neza tugumana ubukana buke ku buryo nta bushobozi bwo gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi.

Izindi mpinduka zigira ingaruka ku gushwanyagurika

Nubwo imiterere y’agace k’amatafari ari ingenzi cyane, hari izindi ngingo nyinshi zigena uburyo amacandwe ahinduka mu mubiri. Amacandwe akora nk'amavuta y’ibinyabuzima, nubwo ingaruka zayo zitandukanye bitewe n’ubukana n’ingano y’amacandwe. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu buryo bwa “in vitro” bugaragaza ko amacandwe y’ubukorano ashobora kugabanya ubukana bw’amacandwe ku kigero cya 15% kugeza kuri 20% ugereranije n’imiterere y’ibizamini byumye.

Ingano y'insinga y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi nayo ihindura cyane ingano y'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi. Insinga za Beta-titanium (TMA) zigaragaza ubukana bw'ubuso n'imikorere ya chimique hejuru cyane ugereranije n'icyuma kidashonga cyangwa nickel-titanium (NiTi), bigatuma habaho kwiyongera kw'umuvuduko ndetse no muri sisitemu zo kwihuza. Byongeye kandi, inguni y'ingenzi yo kwihuza—inguni aho insinga ihurira n'impande za mesial n'inyuma z'agace k'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi—ikomeza kuba ikintu kidashoboka. Iyo iyi nguni (ubusanzwe iri hagati ya dogere 3 na 5) irenze, umuvuduko w'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi urenga umuvuduko wa kera, bigabanura inyungu zo kwihuza kw'insinga.

Uburyo bwo gusuzuma udukingirizo twigenga

Gusuzuma sisitemu zo kwihuza zisaba uburyo buhamye bureba kure y’ibisabwa mu kwamamaza ahubwo bukibanda ku makuru apimwe mu buvuzi n’imikorere. Ubuvuzi bw’amagufwa bugomba gusuzuma izi ngingo hashingiwe ku buryo zizewe, imiterere yazo, n’ingaruka rusange ku gihe cyo kuvurwa.

Ibipimo by'ingenzi by'imikorere

Mu gihe uhitamoUdukingirizo twishyira ku giti cyawe, abaganga bagomba gushyira imbere ibipimo by'ingenzi by'imikorere. Icya mbere ni igipimo cy'imikorere y'icyuma gifunga cyangwa urugi. Sisitemu zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zikunze kugaragaza igipimo cy'imikorere y'icyuma cyangwa gufunga kiri munsi ya 1.5% mu gihe cy'amezi 24 asanzwe yo kuvurwa. Uburyo bushobora kwiyongera cyangwa guhinduka bushobora kugabanya inyungu z'imikorere y'icyuma.

Ikindi gipimo cy'ingenzi ni ubushobozi bwihariye bwo guhangana n'ibintu bipimirwa muri sentimetero 40 (cN) mu bunini butandukanye bw'insinga. Agasanduku kigenga kidakora gakwiye kugaragaza ubushobozi bwo guhangana na cN munsi ya 20 iyo gahujwe n'insinga ya NiTi ya santimetero 10.014 ku gipimo cya zeru. Byongeye kandi, ingano ntoya y'ibikoresho (MOQ) n'ubwizigirwa bw'uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa bigomba gusuzumwa kugira ngo harebwe ko imicungire y'ibikoresho ihoraho.

Kugereranya n'udukingirizo dusanzwe

Kugereranya uduce duto twishyira hamwe n’uduce duto dusanzwe tw’uduce dutatu ...

Nubwo ibyuma bisanzwe bifite ikiguzi gito cyo kugura mbere, ikiguzi cyihishe cyo kumara igihe kinini mu ntebe no kongera igihe cyo guhinduranya ibyuma akenshi bigabanya amafaranga yagabanutse. Ubushobozi bwa sisitemu yo kwiyinjiza mu mubiri bwo kubungabunga isuku nabwo bugira uruhare mu gutuma amenyo y’intanga arushaho kuba meza mu gihe cyo kuvurwa igihe kirekire.

Ibyo ibimenyetso byasohotse bigaragaza

Ubuvanganzo bwa siyansi butanga igitekerezo gisobanutse ku bijyanye n'udukingirizo twishyira ku giti cyatwo. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe muri laboratoire butanga ibimenyetso simusiga bigaragaza ko sisitemu zishyira ku giti cyatwo zigabanya cyane uburyaryate butajegajega n'ubw'ikinyabutabire ugereranije n'udukingirizo dusanzwe. Imiterere ya laboratoire igaragaza ko imbaraga zigabanuka kugeza kuri 50% mu gihe cy'uburyo bwo kwihuta.

Ariko, ibizamini by’ubuvuzi byatoranijwe (RCTs) bigaragaza ko igihe cyo kuvurwa muri rusange kidahora kigabanuka cyane. Nubwo igihe cyo guhuza imikorere gikunze kwihutishwa n’ibyumweru 10 kugeza kuri 15, igihe cyo kurangiza—gishingiye cyane ku gufatana no kugaragaza imbaraga aho kunyerera—gifata igihe kingana n’icyo hatitawe ku bwoko bw’amabara. Ikintu gifatika cyane mu isuzuma ryakozwe ku buryo busanzwe ni ukugabanya igihe cy’intebe kuri buri muhagurutsi no koroshya igihe kirekire hagati y’inama.

Uburyo bwo gushyira mu bikorwa udukingirizo twigenga mu bikorwa

Guhuza ikoranabuhanga ryo kwihuza mu buryo bwo kuvura amenyo bisaba impinduka mu buryo bw’ingamba mu mikorere y’ubuvuzi. Kubera ko imikorere y’umubiri itandukanye n’iy’uburyo busanzwe, abaganga b’amenyo bagomba guhindura uburyo bwabo bwo gucunga imiterere y’indwara, cyane cyane ibijyanye no gutera imbere kw’imitsi no gushyiraho gahunda yo kubonana n’abaganga.

Guhitamo isanduku no gukurikirana imiyoboro y'insinga

Kugira ngo insinga zo kwihuza zirusheho kugira akamaro ko kugabanya umuvuduko muke biterwa gusa no gutunganya insinga z’umuvuduko neza. Ubusanzwe ubuvuzi butangirana n’insinga nto kandi zikomeye cyane, nka CuNiTi ya santimetero 0.013 cyangwa santimetero 0.014. Kubera ko insinga zidakoresha imbaraga zo gufatanya, izi nsinga zoroheje zishobora kunyerera mu buryo bworoshye, zigakemura ibibazo bikomeye kandi zigatangira kwaguka kw’insinga nta kubabara cyane kw’umurwayi.

Abaganga b'amenyo bashobora kongera igihe hagati yo gukosora imyanya y'amenyo hakiri kare kugeza ku byumweru 8 cyangwa 10, bigatuma imbaraga z'urumuri kandi zihoraho z'insinga za NiTi zigaragaza neza. Guhindura insinga z'urukiramende (urugero, 0.016 x 0.022-inch) bigomba gutinda kugeza igihe imyanya igeze hafi ku murongo, kuko gushyira insinga zikomeye hakiri kare bizatuma amenyo akomera kandi agatembagara, bigatuma amenyo atagira ubwivumbure buhagije.

Gucunga ibyago bifatika

Nubwo hari ibyiza byabyo, sisitemu zo kwishyira ku murongo zishyiraho ingaruka zifatika zigomba gucungwa. Ikibazo gikunze kugaragara ni ukwirundanya kwa calculus cyangwa plaque mu buryo bwo kumanuka, bishobora gutuma inzugi zifungana. Abaganga bagomba kwigisha abarwayi isuku yo mu kanwa cyane kandi bashobora gukenera gukoresha icyuma gipima amenyo kugira ngo basige imyanda mbere yo kugerageza gufungura agakoresho kari gafashe.

Kuba ibikoresho bihuye ni ikindi kintu cy'ingenzi. Kugerageza gufungura uduce tw’ibyuma byihariye hamwe n’abahanga basanzwe bapima amenyo bishobora kugorama icyuma, bigatuma uduce duto two kubika cyangwa se imikorere ya mekanike itakaza agaciro. Imyitozo igomba kwemeza ko ifite ibikoresho byihariye by’uruganda mu gufungura no gufunga ibikoresho byarwo muri buri kigo kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika kw’ibikoresho bya mekanike.

Uburyo bwo kumenya niba udukingirizo twishyiramo ari bwo buryo bukwiye

Icyemezo cyo guhindura uburyo bwo kwishyira mu bikorwa ni imibare igoye ikubiyemo gupima inyungu z'ubuvuzi ugereranije n'ukuri kw'imari n'imikorere. Ba nyir'ibigo bagomba gukora isesengura ryimbitse ry'ikiguzi n'inyungu kugira ngo barebe niba ikoranabuhanga rijyanye n'imibanire y'abarwayi babo n'uburyo bw'ubucuruzi bwabo.

Ibintu by'ubuvuzi, imikorere, n'ikiguzi

Imbogamizi nyamukuru mu gukoresha udukingirizo twigenga ni ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho mbere y'igihe. Itsinda ryuzuye ry'udukingirizo twigenga rikunze kugura hagati y'amadolari 30 na 60, bikaba ari ukwiyongera kwa 200% kugeza kuri 300% ugereranije n'udukingirizo dusanzwe. Kugira ngo habeho impamvu y'iyi koreshwa ry'amafaranga, imikorere igomba gukoresha imikorere myiza ya sisitemu. Ku bibazo bijyanye n'iyi mashini, harimo n'ibindi.uburyo bwo kugura ibintu byinshi n'ibisobanuro bya sisitemu, imikorere ishobora kugisha inamaUdukingirizo twishyira ku giti cyaweinzobere mu gusuzuma imiyoboro y'ibicuruzwa ihendutse.

IMPANURO Y'IMIRIMO IGENERWA MU BIKORWA Igerwaho binyuze mu kongera ubushobozi bw'abaganga. Mu kugabanya gahunda yo guhinduranya ibyuma ku minota 5 kugeza ku 10 no gukuraho ingendo 2 kugeza kuri 4 mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi, umuganga ashobora kongera umutwaro w'abarwayi ku kigero cya 15% kugeza kuri 20% mu buryo bw'imitekerereze nta kongera amasaha yo kwa muganga. Byongeye kandi, kugabanya ingendo zihutirwa zo gusura abaganga badafite elastomeric cyangwa poking ligatures bituma inyungu y'ibitaro irushaho kuba nziza.

Igihe udukingirizo twishyiramo umugozi ari two dukwiriye cyane

Udukingirizo twigenga ni two dukoreshwa cyane

Ibisobanuro birambuye:

• Udukingirizo twishyira ku giti cyawe
• Udukingirizo twishyira ku giti cyawe
• Udukingirizo twishyira ku giti cyawe

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Imyanzuro y'ingenzi n'impamvu z'ingenzi zo gushyiramo imigozi ya Self ligating
• Ibisobanuro, kubahiriza amategeko, n'igenzura ry'ingaruka bikwiye kwemezwa mbere yo kwiyemeza
• Intambwe zikurikiraho zifatika n'ibyo abasomyi bashobora gushyira mu bikorwa ako kanya

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni gute udukingirizo twigenga tugabanya gukururana?

Bakoresha agakoresho ko gupfunyika cyangwa urugi byubatswemo aho gukoresha imigozi yoroshye, bityo insinga y'icyuma ntikandagirwe cyane mu mwanya wayo. Ibi bigabanya imbaraga zo guhangana n'ingufu mu gihe cyo kunyerera.

Ese udukingirizo twigenga tudakoresha imbaraga nyinshi ni two twiza mu kuvura udukingirizo duke?

Akenshi yego mu gihe cyo kugorora insinga hakiri kare. Imiterere idakora neza ituma habaho umwanya munini ukikije insinga zizengurutse, ibyo bigafasha kugabanya kwegerana no gukomeza kunyerera neza.

Ese udupfunyika twishyiramo imigozi dushobora kugabanya igihe cyo kwicara?

Yego. Gufungura no gufunga amashusho yashyizwe hamwe akenshi byihuta kuruta guhindura imigozi ya elastomeric, ibyo bikaba bishobora kuzigama igihe mu gihe cyo gusubiramo ibintu bisanzwe.

Ese udupfunyika twishyiramo ibintu bituma kuvurwa byoroha?

Birashobora. Kugabanuka guke bitanga imbaraga zoroshye kandi zihoraho, bishobora kugabanya igitutu ku menyo no kunoza uburyohe bwo kumera neza mu gihe cyo kuyashyira ku murongo.

Ni iki amavuriro agomba kureba mu gihe ashaka udusanduku two kwishyiramo muri DenRotary?

Reba neza aho icyuma gishyirwa, uburyo icyuma gishyirwamo amashusho kimeze, uburyo ubuso bumeze neza, hamwe n'uburyo buboneka bwa santimetero 0.018 cyangwa santimetero 0.022. Ibi bintu bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku kugenzura imiterere y'icyuma no gukora neza mu buvuzi.